3月30日，世界卫生组织发布中国—世卫组织新冠病毒溯源联合研究报告。
今年1月14日至2月10日，17名中方专家和17名外方专家组成联合专家组，分为流行病学、分子溯源、动物与环境三个小组，在武汉开展了为期28天的全球溯源研究中国部分工作。
视频来源：央视新闻
The World Health Organization on Tuesday released a report on their joint study with Chinese experts in Wuhan on COVID-19 origin-tracing.
As a part of global scientific research on the origin of the novel coronavirus, Chinese experts and the WHO experts worked together in Wuhan from January 14 to February 10 this year.
这是3月30日在瑞士日内瓦拍摄的世界卫生组织总部办公大楼的入口。新华社记者 陈俊侠 摄
新冠病毒“极不可能”通过实验室传人
根据当日发布的联合研究报告，联合专家组评估了关于病毒引入人类的四个路径，认为新冠病毒：
The joint team's assessment of likelihood of each possible pathway was as follows:
“比较可能至非常可能”经中间宿主传人；
introduction through an intermediate host is considered to be a likely to very likely pathway;
“可能至比较可能”直接传人；
direct zoonotic spillover is considered to be a possible-to-likely pathway;
“可能”通过冷链食品传人；
introduction through cold/ food chain products is considered a possible pathway;
“极不可能”通过实验室传人。
introduction through a laboratory incident was considered to be an extremely unlikely pathway.
图源：央视新闻视频
最初源头仍成谜
为了发现和确认早期新冠病例，流行病学工作组评估了2019年底武汉和周边地区对呼吸道疾病发病率的监测数据。所有这些研究中，没有任何证据显示新冠疫情暴发前几个月的呼吸道疾病发病率受新冠病毒影响。
对新冠疫情暴发前两个月武汉市233家医疗机构76000余份呼吸道疾病病例记录等评估研究认为，这些病例中没有任何一例由新冠病毒感染引起，因此在2019年10月至11月期间，武汉不太可能发生新冠病毒“实质性传播”。
研究还发现，许多早期病例与武汉华南海鲜市场有关联，但也有许多病例与其他市场有关，还有些早期病例与任何市场都没有关联。2019年12月，病毒在更广泛社区内的传播可能导致与华南海鲜市场无关的病例。这些证据可能表明华南海鲜市场不是疫情的最初源头。
According to the study, many of the early cases were associated with the Huanan market, but a similar number of cases were associated with other markets, and some were not associated with any markets. Transmission within the wider community in December could account for cases not associated with the Huanan market, which, together with the presence of early cases not associated with that market, could suggest that the Huanan market was not the original source of the outbreak.
图源：央视新闻视频
其他国家潜在早期传播
工作组还评估了不同国家已发表的研究数据，这些研究表明新冠病毒的传播一般先于当地最初发现病例数周。其他国家有疑似阳性样本发现时间甚至早于武汉首例病例，这表明在其他国家有传播未被发现的可能性。报告认为，对这些潜在早期新冠传播事件进行调查“是重要的”。
The findings showed that "some of the suspected positive samples were detected even earlier than the first case in Wuhan, suggesting the possibility of missed circulation in other countries," the report said, adding that "Nonetheless, it is important to investigate these potential early events."
这是3月30日在瑞士日内瓦拍摄的世界卫生组织总部办公大楼。新华社记者 陈俊侠 摄
世卫组织建议在全球范围
寻找新冠肺炎早期病例
报告提出了联合专家组下步研究的建议，包括建立全球统一的数据库，在全球更广范围内继续寻找可能的早期病例，由全球科学家在多国多地寻找可能成为病毒宿主的动物物种，进一步了解冷链以及冷冻食品在病毒传播过程中的作用等。
The experts also put forward a series of recommendations for future researches: developing a comprehensive information database, conducting further retrospective and systematic research around earlier cases and possible hosts, and analyzing the different role of the cold chain in the possible introduction and spread of the virus.
世卫专家组对武汉人民
表达诚挚的感谢
视频来源：中国日报
当日，世卫组织就报告举行会员国通报会。联合专家组外方组长彼得·安巴雷克（Peter Ben Embarek）介绍了联合专家组在武汉的实地工作和共同研究情况，并感谢中国政府和科学家为此次溯源合作提供的支持。
他表示，武汉对此次溯源工作做出了巨大的贡献，专家组的到访搅起了武汉人民对去年艰难时期的痛苦回忆，但武汉人民接纳了他们，为他们的工作提供了便利，这让他们无比感激。
图源：中国日报视频
中方专家组组长梁万年表示，报告是中外专家共同努力的结果，凝聚了联合专家组中外专家的共同心血。联合专家组始终秉持科学思维，以证据为基础开展研究合作。此次在中国的新冠病毒溯源是全球溯源的一部分，也是第一步，报告的所有结论和建议都是基于全球视角，未来研究不会仅限于某一区域。
Also on Tuesday, the WHO held a member state briefing on the report. During the briefing, Liang Wannian, a member of the WHO-China joint team, said that the novel coronavirus origin tracing research in China is part of the global study of origins of the virus, and it is the first step.
All the conclusions and recommendations in the report are based on a global perspective, and future research will not be limited to a certain area, Liang also said.
这是3月30日在瑞士日内瓦拍摄的世界卫生组织总部办公大楼的入口。新华社记者 陈俊侠 摄
外交部深夜回应：
溯源是全球性任务，应在多国开展
图源：外交部网站截图
3月30日，外交部发言人就世卫组织发布中国—世卫组织新冠病毒溯源研究报告答记者问。
问：世卫组织已发布中国—世卫组织新冠病毒溯源研究报告。中方对此有何评论？
对此，外交部发言人表示：
中方注意到，世卫组织已发布新冠病毒溯源研究报告。中方对参与此次溯源合作的中外专家展现出的科学、勤勉、专业精神表示赞赏。
China has taken note of the report released by WHO. We commend the Chinese and international experts who have taken part in this joint study for their commitment to science, tireless industry and professionalism.
中方始终支持各国科学家开展病毒源头和传播途径的全球科学研究，参与共提了世卫大会涉新冠肺炎决议，支持世卫组织主导下各成员国就病毒动物源头研究开展合作。中方在国内疫情防控任务十分繁重情况下，两次邀请世卫专家来华开展溯源研究。今年1月14日至2月10日，中国专家和来自世卫组织及10个国家的国际专家共同组成联合专家组，在武汉开展了为期28天的联合研究。中方为专家组在武汉的顺利工作提供了必要协助，充分体现了中方开放、透明、负责任的态度。
China has always been a supporter for global scientific research on the source of the virus and its transmission routes. We co-sponsored the WHA resolution on COVID-19 and support WHO-led cooperation on zoonotic source research among member states. Despite the daunting task of domestic prevention and control, China twice invited WHO experts in for study of origins. From January 14 to February 10 this year, Chinese experts and international experts from WHO and ten countries formed a joint team and conducted joint research for 28 days in Wuhan. The Chinese side offered necessary facilitation for the team's work, fully demonstrating its openness, transparency and responsible attitude.
溯源是科学问题，应由全球科学家合作开展有关工作。将溯源问题政治化的行径只会严重阻碍全球溯源合作，破坏全球抗疫努力，导致更多的生命损失。这同国际社会团结抗疫的愿望背道而驰。
Study of origins is a matter of science, which should be jointly conducted by scientists all over the world. To politicize this issue will only severely hinder global cooperation in study of origins, jeopardize anti-pandemic cooperation, and cost more lives. It would run counter to the international community's aspiration for solidarity against the virus.
溯源也是一项全球性任务，应在多国多地开展。我们相信，世卫组织和中国的这次联合研究将对全球溯源合作起到良好的促进作用。
Study of origins is also a global mission that should be conducted in multiple countries and localities. We believe the joint WHO-China study will effectively stimulate global cooperation in origin-tracing.
综合来源：新华社，央视新闻，CGTN，中国日报
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