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15年内人类将在实验室里养殖出鸡的各个部位

英语时事  2016-12-09 10:130
In 1931, Winston Churchill predicted that within 50 years the world would "escape the absurdity" of raising a whole chicken on farm and instead grow parts in lab. 
 
1931年，英国首相温斯顿·丘吉尔曾预言，50年内，人类将不需在农场里“荒谬”地养殖整鸡，而是在实验室里养殖出鸡的各个部位。
 
Now scientists are predicting that his vision will come to pass within the next 15 years, with the first lab-grown turkey gracing Christmas tables by 2030. 
 
Although the idea of biotech companies growing meat in a lab might seem ethically dubious, it has won the backing of environmentalists and animal rights campaigners who say it would reduce the reliance on battery animals and save resources. 
 
Livestock farming has the biggest carbon footprint of any food and producing beef in vitro could cut greenhouse gas emissions by 90 percent. 
 
Surveys have also shown that vegetarians would eat meat if it were grown in a lab, so it could open a lucrative new market for investors. 
 
The process works by taking a small piece of turkey breast and isolating special stem cells which form muscle fibre. Those cells are then placed in a soup of sugar and amino acids which tricks them into thinking they are still inside the turkey and need to continue dividing. 
 
A single satellite cell can undergo 75 generations of division during three months, which in theory could produce enough muscle to make 20 trillion turkey nuggets. 
 
At present, culture meat is not economically viable. When the first hamburger was created in 2013, it took three months to grow at a cost of £220,000. 
 
And creating a turkey-size amount of meat in Professor Mozdziak's lab would currently take more than £20,000 worth of growth serum. 
 
However, the team is now working alongside biomedical engineer David Kaplan at Tufts University, Massachusetts, who is looking for a way to grow cells in 3D, not just flat sheets, which would radically speed up the process and lower the cost. 
 
The team predicts that the first meat could be available on shelves by 2030.

相关单词：absurdity

absurdity解释：n.荒谬，愚蠢；谬论

absurdity例句：

The proposal borders upon the absurdity.这提议近乎荒谬。

The absurdity of the situation made everyone laugh.情况的荒谬可笑使每个人都笑了。

相关单词：ethically

ethically解释：adv.在伦理上，道德上

ethically例句：

Ethically , we have nothing to be ashamed about . 从伦理上说，我们没有什么好羞愧的。

Describe the appropriate action to take in an ethically ambiguous situation. 描述适当行为采取在一个道德地模棱两可的情况。

相关单词：dubious

dubious解释：adj.怀疑的，无把握的；有问题的，靠不住的

dubious例句：

What he said yesterday was dubious.他昨天说的话很含糊。

He uses some dubious shifts to get money.他用一些可疑的手段去赚钱。

相关单词：livestock

livestock解释：n.家畜，牲畜

livestock例句：

Both men and livestock are flourishing.人畜两旺。

The heavy rains and flooding killed scores of livestock.暴雨和大水淹死了许多牲口。

相关单词：emissions

emissions解释：排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

emissions例句：

Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。

Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

相关单词：vegetarians

vegetarians解释：n.吃素的人( vegetarian的名词复数 )；素食者；素食主义者；食草动物

vegetarians例句：

Vegetarians are no longer dismissed as cranks. 素食者不再被视为有怪癖的人。

Vegetarians believe that eating meat is bad karma. 素食者认为吃肉食是造恶业。

相关单词：lucrative

lucrative解释：adj.赚钱的，可获利的

lucrative例句：

He decided to turn his hobby into a lucrative sideline.他决定把自己的爱好变成赚钱的副业。

It was not a lucrative profession.那是一个没有多少油水的职业。

相关单词：investors

investors解释：n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

investors例句：

a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子

a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

相关单词：isolating

isolating解释：adj.孤立的，绝缘的v.使隔离( isolate的现在分词 )；将…剔出（以便看清和单独处理）；使（某物质、细胞等）分离；使离析

isolating例句：

Colour filters are not very effective in isolating narrow spectral bands. 一些滤色片不能很有效地分离狭窄的光谱带。 来自辞典例句

This became known as the streak method for isolating bacteria. 这个方法以后就称为分离细菌的划线法。 来自辞典例句

相关单词：viable

viable解释：adj.可行的，切实可行的，能活下去的

viable例句：

The scheme is economically viable.这个计划从经济效益来看是可行的。

The economy of the country is not viable.这个国家经济是难以维持的。

相关单词：serum

serum解释：n.浆液，血清，乳浆

serum例句：

The serum is available to the general public.一般公众均可获得血清。

Untreated serum contains a set of 11 proteins called complement.未经处理的血清含有一组蛋白质，共11种，称为补体。

相关单词：radically

radically解释：ad.根本地，本质地

radically例句：

I think we may have to rethink our policies fairly radically. 我认为我们可能要对我们的政策进行根本的反思。

The health service must be radically reformed. 公共医疗卫生服务必须进行彻底改革。

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