“读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重……”英国哲学家弗朗西斯·培根对于学习的观点可谓精辟独到。学习是一门艺术，怎样才能学的精，学的好，培根的这篇《论学习》让你明白：其实懂得学习也是一门大智慧。
Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned.
To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less
Nay there is no stand or impendiment in the wit, but may be wrought（work的过去分词）out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man''s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores（吹毛求疵之人）. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.
相关单词：ornament
ornament解释：v.装饰，美化；n.装饰，装饰物
ornament例句：
The flowers were put on the table for ornament.花放在桌子上做装饰用。
She wears a crystal ornament on her chest.她的前胸戴了一个水晶饰品。
相关单词：discourse
discourse解释：n.论文，演说；谈话；话语；vi.讲述，著述
discourse例句：
We'll discourse on the subject tonight.我们今晚要谈论这个问题。
He fell into discourse with the customers who were drinking at the counter.他和站在柜台旁的酒客谈了起来。
相关单词：judgment
judgment解释：n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见
judgment例句：
The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
相关单词：disposition
disposition解释：n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署
disposition例句：
He has made a good disposition of his property.他已对财产作了妥善处理。
He has a cheerful disposition.他性情开朗。
相关单词：sloth
sloth解释：n.[动]树懒；懒惰，懒散
sloth例句：
Absence of competition makes for sloth.没有竞争会导致懒惰。
The sloth spends most of its time hanging upside down from the branches.大部分时间里树懒都是倒挂在树枝上。
相关单词：pruning
pruning解释：n.修枝，剪枝，修剪v.修剪（树木等）( prune的现在分词 )；精简某事物，除去某事物多余的部分
pruning例句：
In writing an essay one must do a lot of pruning. 写文章要下一番剪裁的工夫。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
A sapling needs pruning, a child discipline. 小树要砍，小孩要管。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
相关单词：forth
forth解释：adv.向前；向外，往外
forth例句：
The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。
相关单词：crafty
crafty解释：adj.狡猾的，诡诈的
crafty例句：
He admired the old man for his crafty plan.他敬佩老者的神机妙算。
He was an accomplished politician and a crafty autocrat.他是个有造诣的政治家，也是个狡黠的独裁者。
相关单词：contemn
contemn解释：v.蔑视
contemn例句：
The wicked contemn God.恶人轻侮上帝。
I contemn the people who treat children so cruelly.我蔑视如此虐待孩子的人。
相关单词：curiously
curiously解释：adv.有求知欲地；好问地；奇特地
curiously例句：
He looked curiously at the people.他好奇地看着那些人。
He took long stealthy strides. His hands were curiously cold.他迈着悄没声息的大步。他的双手出奇地冷。
相关单词：distilled
distilled解释：adj.由蒸馏得来的v.蒸馏( distil的过去式和过去分词 )；从…提取精华
distilled例句：
The televised interview was distilled from 16 hours of film. 那次电视采访是从16个小时的影片中选出的精华。 来自《简明英汉词典》
Gasoline is distilled from crude oil. 汽油是从原油中提炼出来的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
相关单词：witty
witty解释：adj.机智的，风趣的
witty例句：
Her witty remarks added a little salt to the conversation.她的妙语使谈话增添了一些风趣。
He scored a bull's-eye in their argument with that witty retort.在他们的辩论中他那一句机智的反驳击中了要害。
相关单词：logic
logic解释：n.逻辑(学)；逻辑性
logic例句：
What sort of logic is that?这是什么逻辑？
I don't follow the logic of your argument.我不明白你的论点逻辑性何在。
相关单词：rhetoric
rhetoric解释：n.修辞学，浮夸之言语
rhetoric例句：
Do you know something
Behind all the rhetoric,his relations with the army are dangerously poised.在冠冕堂皇的言辞背后，他和军队的关系岌岌可危。
相关单词：mores
mores解释：n.风俗，习惯，民德，道德观念
mores例句：
The mores of that village are hard to believe.那村子的习俗让人难以置信。
We advocate a harmonious society where corruption is swept away,and social mores are cleared.我们提倡弊绝风清，建设一个和谐社会。
相关单词：nay
nay解释：adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者
nay例句：
He was grateful for and proud of his son's remarkable,nay,unique performance.他为儿子出色的，不，应该是独一无二的表演心怀感激和骄傲。
Long essays,nay,whole books have been written on this.许多长篇大论的文章，不，应该说是整部整部的书都是关于这件事的。
相关单词：bowling
bowling解释：n.保龄球运动
bowling例句：
Bowling is a popular sport with young and old.保龄球是老少都爱的运动。
Which sport do you 1ike most,golf or bowling?你最喜欢什么运动，高尔夫还是保龄球？
相关单词：reins
reins解释：感情，激情； 缰( rein的名词复数 )； 控制手段； 掌管； （成人带着幼儿走路以防其走失时用的）保护带
reins例句：
She pulled gently on the reins. 她轻轻地拉着缰绳。
The government has imposed strict reins on the
相关单词：demonstrations
demonstrations解释：证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威
demonstrations例句：
Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。
相关单词：illustrate
illustrate解释：v.举例说明，阐明；图解，加插图
illustrate例句：
The company's bank statements illustrate its success.这家公司的银行报表说明了它的成功。
This diagram will illustrate what I mean.这个图表可说明我的意思。
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